法律文本

中華人民共和國深海海底區域資源勘探開發法

Law of the People's Republic of China on Resources Exploration and Development in Deep Seabed Areas

主席令第四十二號

Presidential Decree No. 42

《中華人民共和國深海海底區域資源勘探開發法》已由中華人民共和國第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十九次會議於2016年2月26日通過，現予公布，自2016年5月1日起施行。

The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Exploration and Development of Deep Seabed Resources, adopted at the 19th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on February 26, 2016, is hereby promulgated for implementation as of May 1, 2016.

中華人民共和國主席 習近平

President Xi Jinping

2016年2月26日

February 26, 2016

（2016年2月26日第十二屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十九次會議通過）

(Adopted at the 19th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on 26 February 2016)

第一章 總則

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一條   為了規範深海海底區域資源勘探、開發活動，推進深海科學技術研究、資源調查，保護海洋環境，促進深海海底區域資源可持續利用，維護人類共同利益，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is formulated for the purposes of standardising exploration and development of resources in deep seabed areas, promoting deep seabed scientific and technological research and resources investigation, protecting marine environment, promoting sustainable use of resources in deep seabed areas, and safeguarding common interests of mankind.

第二條   中華人民共和國的公民、法人或者其他組織從事深海海底區域資源勘探、開發和相關環境保護、科學技術研究、資源調查活動，適用本法。

Article 2 This Law shall apply to exploration and development and related environmental protection, scientific and technological research and resources investigation of deep seabed resources by citizens, legal persons and other organizations of the People's Republic of China.

本法所稱深海海底區域，是指中華人民共和國和其他國家管轄範圍以外的海床、洋底及其底土。

For the purpose of the Law, the deep seabed refers to the seabed, ocean floor and their subsoil outside the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China and other countries.

第三條   深海海底區域資源勘探、開發活動應當堅持和平利用、合作共享、保護環境、維護人類共同利益的原則。

Article 3 Activities of deep seabed resource exploration and development shall be subject to the principles of peaceful utilization, cooperation and sharing, environmental protection, and protection of the common interests of mankind.

國家保護從事深海海底區域資源勘探、開發和資源調查活動的中華人民共和國公民、法人或者其他組織的正當權益。

The state shall protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons or other organizations of the People's Republic of China who are engaged in deep seabed resource exploration and development and resources investigation.

第四條   國家制定有關深海海底區域資源勘探、開發規劃，並采取經濟、技術政策和措施，鼓勵深海科學技術研究和資源調查，提升資源勘探、開發和海洋環境保護的能力。

Article 4 The State shall formulate plans for deep seabed resource exploration and development and adopt economic and technological policies and measures to encourage deep-sea scientific and technological research and resources investigation, improve the capabilities for resource exploration and development and marine environmental protection.

第五條   國務院海洋主管部門負責對深海海底區域資源勘探、開發和資源調查活動的監督管理。國務院其他有關部門按照國務院規定的職責負責相關管理工作。

Article 5 The marine administration department under the State Council shall be in charge of the supervision and administration of deep seabed resource exploration, development and survey activities. Other relevant departments under the State Council shall be responsible for the relevant administrative work as per the duties assigned by the State Council.

第六條   國家鼓勵和支持在深海海底區域資源勘探、開發和相關環境保護、資源調查、科學技術研究和教育培訓等方面，開展國際合作。

Article 6 The State shall encourage and support international cooperation in deep seabed resource exploration and development and related environmental protection, resources investigation, scientific and technological research, education and training, and other aspects.

第二章 勘探、開發

Chapter 2 Exploration and Development

第七條   中華人民共和國的公民、法人或者其他組織在向國際海底管理局申請從事深海海底區域資源勘探、開發活動前，應當向國務院海洋主管部門提出申請，並提交下列材料：

Article 7 Before applying to the International Seabed Authority (ISA) for engaging in deep seabed resource exploration and development activities, citizens, legal persons or other organizations of the People's Republic of China shall file an application with the marine administration department under the State Council and submit the following materials:

（一）申請者基本情況；

1. the applicant's basic information;

（二）擬勘探、開發區域位置、面積、礦產種類等說明；

(II) the location, area, types of mineral resources and other descriptions of the proposed region to be explored or developed;

（三）財務狀況、投資能力證明和技術能力說明；

(III) Statement on its financial conditions, investment capacity and technical capacity;

（四）勘探、開發工作計劃，包括勘探、開發活動可能對海洋環境造成影響的相關資料，海洋環境嚴重損害等的應急預案；

(IV) an exploration or development plan, including relevant materials on the potential impact of exploration or development activities on marine environment, and an emergency plan for serious damage to marine environment; and

（五）國務院海洋主管部門規定的其他材料。

(V) other materials as required by the marine administration department under the State Council.

第八條   國務院海洋主管部門應當對申請者提交的材料進行審查，對於符合國家利益並具備資金、技術、裝備等能力條件的，應當在六十個工作日內予以許可，並出具相關文件。

Article 8 The marine administration department under the State Council shall review the materials submitted by applicants. If the application is in line with the national interests and meets the capital, technology and equipment requirements, it shall be approved and the relevant documents shall be issued within 60 working days.

獲得許可的申請者在與國際海底管理局簽訂勘探、開發合同成為承包者後，方可從事勘探、開發活動。

Approved applicants may engage in exploration or development activities only after entering into exploration or development contracts with the ISA.

承包者應當自勘探、開發合同簽訂之日起三十日內，將合同副本報國務院海洋主管部門備案。

Contractors shall file a copy of their contracts with the marine administration department under the State Council within 30 days after signing the exploration or development contracts.

國務院海洋主管部門應當將承包者及其勘探、開發的區域位置、面積等信息通報有關機關。

The marine administration department under the State Council shall report the contractors' information and the locations and areas of their exploration or development regions to relevant authorities.

第九條   承包者對勘探、開發合同區域內特定資源享有相應的專屬勘探、開發權。

Article 9 Contractors shall have exclusive exploration or development rights to the resources designated in the exploration or development areas covered by their contracts.

承包者應當履行勘探、開發合同義務，保障從事勘探、開發作業人員的人身安全，保護海洋環境。

Contractors shall perform their obligations under the exploration or development contracts, protect the personal safety of the personnel engaged in the exploration or development, and protect marine environment.

承包者從事勘探、開發作業應當保護作業區域內的文物、鋪設物等。

Contractors engaged in exploration or development operations shall protect the cultural relics and laying in the working areas.

承包者從事勘探、開發作業還應當遵守中華人民共和國有關安全生產、勞動保護方面的法律、行政法規。

Contractors engaged in exploration or development operations shall also abide by the laws and administrative regulations of the People's Republic of China governing work safety and labour protection.

第十條   承包者在轉讓勘探、開發合同的權利、義務前，或者在對勘探、開發合同作出重大變更前，應當報經國務院海洋主管部門同意。

Article 10 Before a contractor transfers the rights or obligations under an exploration or development contract or makes any significant change to the exploration or development contract, it shall report the same to the marine administration department under the State Council for approval.

承包者應當自勘探、開發合同轉讓、變更或者終止之日起三十日內，報國務院海洋主管部門備案。

Contractors shall file records with the marine administration department under the State Council within 30 days upon transfer, alteration or termination of their exploration or development contracts.

國務院海洋主管部門應當及時將勘探、開發合同轉讓、變更或者終止的信息通報有關機關。

The marine administration department under the State Council shall notify relevant authorities of the transfer, alteration or termination of an exploration or development contract.

第十一條   發生或者可能發生嚴重損害海洋環境等事故，承包者應當立即啟動應急預案，並采取下列措施：

Article 11 Where an accident that seriously damages the marine environment has occurred or may occur, the contractor shall immediately activate its emergency response plan and adopt the following measures:

（一）立即發出警報；

1. giving an alarm immediately;

（二）立即報告國務院海洋主管部門，國務院海洋主管部門應當及時通報有關機關；

(II) immediately report to the marine administration department under the State Council, which shall in turn promptly notify relevant authorities; and

（三）采取一切實際可行與合理的措施，防止、減少、控制對人身、財產、海洋環境的損害。

(III) adopting every feasible and reasonable measure to prevent, mitigate, and contain the damage to human life, property, or marine environment.

第三章 環境保護

Chapter 3 Environmental Protection

第十二條   承包者應當在合理、可行的範圍內，利用可獲得的先進技術，采取必要措施，防止、減少、控制勘探、開發區域內的活動對海洋環境造成的汙染和其他危害。

Article 12 Contractors shall, where reasonable and feasible, utilize available advanced technologies and adopt necessary measures, to prevent, mitigate and contain pollution and other damages to marine environment caused by their exploration and development activities in the area.

第十三條   承包者應當按照勘探、開發合同的約定和要求、國務院海洋主管部門規定，調查研究勘探、開發區域的海洋狀況，確定環境基線，評估勘探、開發活動可能對海洋環境的影響；制定和執行環境監測方案，監測勘探、開發活動對勘探、開發區域海洋環境的影響，並保證監測設備正常運行，保存原始監測記錄。

Article 13 Contractors shall, according to the provisions and requirements of the exploration or development contracts and the provisions of the marine administration department under the State Council, investigate and research the marine conditions in the exploration or development areas, identify the environmental baseline, and assess the possible impact of the exploration or development activities on the marine environment; formulate and implement environmental monitoring plans, monitor the impact of the exploration or development activities on the marine environment in the exploration or development areas, ensure the normal operation of the monitoring equipment, and keep the original monitoring records.

第十四條   承包者從事勘探、開發活動應當采取必要措施，保護和保全稀有或者脆弱的生態系統，以及衰竭、受威脅或者有滅絕危險的物種和其他海洋生物的生存環境，保護海洋生物多樣性，維護海洋資源的可持續利用。

Article 14 Contractors shall adopt necessary measures when engaging in exploration or development activities to protect and preserve rare or fragile ecosystems and habitats of endangered or critically endangered marine species and other organisms, protect marine biological diversity, and maintain a sustainable use of marine resources.

第四章 科學技術研究與資源調查

Chapter 4 Scientific and Technological Research and Resources Investigation

第十五條   國家支持深海科學技術研究和專業人才培養，將深海科學技術列入科學技術發展的優先領域，鼓勵與相關產業的合作研究。

Article 15 The State shall support deep-sea scientific and technological research and the training of professional talents, include deep-sea science and technology in the priority fields for scientific and technological development, and encourage research cooperation with relevant industries.

國家支持企業進行深海科學技術研究與技術裝備研發。

The State shall support enterprises in their deep-sea scientific and technological research and technical equipment research and development.

第十六條   國家支持深海公共平臺的建設和運行，建立深海公共平臺共享合作機制，為深海科學技術研究、資源調查活動提供專業服務，促進深海科學技術交流、合作及成果共享。

Article 16 The state shall support the construction and operation of public platforms for deep-sea activities, establish a sharing and cooperation mechanism among platforms to provide professional services for deep-sea scientific and technological research and resources investigation, and facilitate deep-sea scientific and technological exchanges, cooperation, and sharing of results.

第十七條   國家鼓勵單位和個人通過開放科學考察船舶、實驗室、陳列室和其他場地、設施，舉辦講座或者提供諮詢等多種方式，開展深海科學普及活動。

Article 17 The State shall encourage entities and individuals to conduct deep-sea science popularization activities by opening scientific survey ships, laboratories, showrooms and other sites and facilities, holding lectures or providing consultations.

第十八條   從事深海海底區域資源調查活動的公民、法人或者其他組織，應當按照有關規定將有關資料副本、實物樣本或者目錄匯交國務院海洋主管部門和其他相關部門。負責接受匯交的部門應當對匯交的資料和實物樣本進行登記、保管，並按照有關規定向社會提供利用。

Article 18 Citizens, legal persons or other organizations that are engaged in deep seabed resource survey activities shall submit copies of relevant materials, physical samples or catalogs to the marine administration department and other relevant departments under the State Council. The receiving departments shall register and keep the submitted materials and physical samples and make them available to the public pursuant to relevant provisions.

承包者從事深海海底區域資源勘探、開發活動取得的有關資料、實物樣本等的匯交，適用前款規定。

The preceding paragraph shall be applicable to the submission of relevant materials and physical samples obtained from deep seabed resource exploration and development activities by contractors.

第五章 監督檢查

Chapter 5 Supervision and Inspection

第十九條   國務院海洋主管部門應當對承包者勘探、開發活動進行監督檢查。

Article 19 The marine administration department under the State Council shall supervise and inspect the contractor's exploration or development activities.

第二十條   承包者應當定期向國務院海洋主管部門報告下列履行勘探、開發合同的事項：

Article 20 Contractors shall report the following matters in respect of the performance of the exploration or development contracts to the marine administration department under the State Council on a regular basis:

（一）勘探、開發活動情況；

1. the situation of the exploration or development activities;

（二）環境監測情況；

2. Monitoring of the environment;

（三）年度投資情況；

(III) annual investment; and

（四）國務院海洋主管部門要求的其他事項。

(IV) other matters as required by the marine administration department under the State Council.

第二十一條   國務院海洋主管部門可以檢查承包者用於勘探、開發活動的船舶、設施、設備以及航海日志、記錄、數據等。

Article 21 The marine administration department under the State Council may inspect the ships, facilities, and equipment used by contractors to conduct exploration or development activities, as well as ship logs, records and data.

第二十二條   承包者應當對國務院海洋主管部門的監督檢查予以協助、配合。

Article 22 Contractors shall assist and cooperate with the supervision and inspection of the marine administration department under the State Council.

第六章 法律責任

Chapter 6 Legal Liabilities

第二十三條   違反本法第七條、第九條第二款、第十條第一款規定，有下列行為之一的，國務院海洋主管部門可以撤銷許可並撤回相關文件：

Article 23 In case a contractor is in breach of Article 7, Paragraph 2 of Article 9, or Paragraph 1 of Article 10 of this Law under any of the following circumstances, the marine administration department under the State Council may rescind the permission and withdraw relevant documents:

（一）提交虛假材料取得許可的；

1. Providing false materials to obtain license;

（二）不履行勘探、開發合同義務或者履行合同義務不符合約定的；

2. failing to perform its obligations under the exploration or development contract or performing its obligations in conformity with the terms of the contract; or

（三）未經同意，轉讓勘探、開發合同的權利、義務或者對勘探、開發合同作出重大變更的。

(III) without consent, the exploration or development contract is assigned, or any major changes are made to the contract.

承包者有前款第二項行為的，還應當承擔相應的賠償責任。

A contractor who commits any of the acts stipulated in item (2) of the preceding paragraph shall bear the corresponding compensation liability.

第二十四條   違反本法第八條第三款、第十條第二款、第十八條、第二十條、第二十二條規定，有下列行為之一的，由國務院海洋主管部門責令改正，處二萬元以上十萬元以下的罰款：

Article 24 In case a contractor is in breach of Paragraph 3 of Article 8, Paragraph 2 of Article 10, Article 18, Article 20 or 22 of this Law under any of the following circumstances, the marine administration department under the State Council shall order the contractor to make corrections and impose a fine of between CNY20,000 and CNY100 ,000:

（一）未按規定將勘探、開發合同副本報備案的；

1. failing to file a copy of the exploration or development contract as required;

（二）轉讓、變更或者終止勘探、開發合同，未按規定報備案的；

2. failing to report the transfer, alteration or termination of the exploration or development contract as required;

（三）未按規定匯交有關資料副本、實物樣本或者目錄的；

3. failing to submit copies of relevant materials, physical samples or catalogs as required; and

（四）未按規定報告履行勘探、開發合同事項的；

(IV) failing to report matters in respect of the performance of the exploration or development contract as required; or

（五）不協助、配合監督檢查的。

(V) failing to assist or cooperate with the supervision or inspection work as required.

第二十五條   違反本法第八條第二款規定，未經許可或者未簽訂勘探、開發合同從事深海海底區域資源勘探、開發活動的，由國務院海洋主管部門責令停止違法行為，處十萬元以上五十萬元以下的罰款；有違法所得的，並處沒收違法所得。

Article 25 In case a contractor is in breach of Paragraph 2 of Article 8 of this Law by engaging in deep seabed resource exploration or development activities without permission or without signing an exploration or development contract, the marine administration department under the State Council shall order the contractor to cease such illegal activity and impose a fine of between CNY100 ,000 and CNY500,000; and all illegal gains, if any, shall be confiscated.

第二十六條   違反本法第九條第三款、第十一條、第十二條規定，造成海洋環境汙染損害或者作業區域內文物、鋪設物等損害的，由國務院海洋主管部門責令停止違法行為，處五十萬元以上一百萬元以下的罰款；構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。

Article 26 In case a contractor is in breach of Paragraph 3 of Article 9, Article 11 or Article 12 of this Law, resulting in pollution and damage to the marine environment or damage to cultural relics or laying in the operating area, the marine administration department under the State Council shall order the contractor to cease illegal activity and impose a fine of between CNY500,000 and CNY1 million; if the case constitutes a crime, the contractor shall be held criminally liable.

第七章 附則

Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions

第二十七條   本法下列用語的含義：

Article 27 Terms used in this Law are defined as follows:

（一）勘探，是指在深海海底區域探尋資源，分析資源，使用和測試資源采集系統和設備、加工設施及運輸系統，以及對開發時應當考慮的環境、技術、經濟、商業和其他有關因素的研究。

1. "Exploration" refers to the activities of exploring and analyzing resources in deep seabed, utilizing and testing resource acquisition systems and equipment, processing facilities and transportation systems, and studying on environmental, technological, economic, commercial and other factors to be considered for development.

（二）開發，是指在深海海底區域為商業目的收回並選取資源，包括建造和操作為生產和銷售資源服務的采集、加工和運輸系統。

(II) "Development" refers to the activities of collecting and selecting resources in the deep seabed for commercial purposes, including building and operating acquisition, processing and transportation systems for producing and selling resources.

（三）資源調查，是指在深海海底區域搜尋資源，包括估計資源成分、多少和分布情況及經濟價值。

(III) "Resources investigation" refers to the activities of searching for resources in the deep seabed, including estimating the composition, amount, distribution and economic value of resources.

第二十八條   深海海底區域資源開發活動涉稅事項，依照中華人民共和國稅收法律、行政法規的規定執行。

Article 28 The tax-related matters of deep seabed resource development activities shall be subject to the tax laws and administrative regulations of the People's Republic of China.

第二十九條   本法自2016年5月1日起施行。

Article 29 This Law shall come into force as of May 1, 2016.