法律文本

中华人民共和国土地管理法（2004修正）

Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China (2004 Revision)

（1986年6月25日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议通过 根据1988年12月29日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第五次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国土地管理法〉的决定》第一次修正 1998年8月29日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第四次会议第二次修订 1998年8月29日中华人民共和国主席令第8号公布 根据2004年8月28日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过，2004年8月28日中华人民共和国主席令第二十八号公布，自公布之日起施行的《第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议关于修改〈中华人民共和国土地管理法〉的决定》第三次修正）

(Adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on June 25, 1986; amended for the first time in accordance with the Decision on Revising the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 5th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on December 29, 1988; revised for the second time at the 4th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on August 29, 1998; promulgated by Order No.8 of the President of the People's Republic of China on August 29, 1998; and amended for the third time in accordance with the Decision on Revising the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 11th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on August 28, 2004 and promulgated by Order No.28 of the President of the People's Republic of China on August 28, 2004)

第一章 总则

Chapter 1 General Provisions

第一条   为了加强土地管理，维护土地的社会主义公有制，保护、开发土地资源，合理利用土地，切实保护耕地，促进社会经济的可持续发展，根据宪法，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution with a view to strengthening land administration, maintaining the socialist public ownership of land, protecting and developing land resources, making proper use of land, effectively protecting cultivated land and promoting sustainable development of the society and the economy.

第二条   中华人民共和国实行土地的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。

Article 2 The People's Republic of China practices socialist public ownership of land, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.

全民所有，即国家所有土地的所有权由国务院代表国家行使。

State-owned land owned by the whole people means that the State Council exercises the ownership of State-owned land on behalf of the state.

任何单位和个人不得侵占、买卖或者以其他形式非法转让土地。土地使用权可以依法转让。

No unit or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means. Land use rights may be transferred in accordance with the law.

国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依法对土地实行征收或者征用并给予补偿。

The state may make expropriation or requisition on land according to law for public interests, but shall give compensations accordingly.

国家依法实行国有土地有偿使用制度。但是，国家在法律规定的范围内划拨国有土地使用权的除外。

The State practises the system of paid-for use for State-owned land in accordance with law. However, allocation of the right to the use of State-owned land by the State within the limits prescribed by law is excepted.

第三条   十分珍惜、合理利用土地和切实保护耕地是我国的基本国策。各级人民政府应当采取措施，全面规划，严格管理，保护、开发土地资源，制止非法占用土地的行为。

Article 3 To value land highly, use land rationally and protect cultivated land effectively is a basic policy of our country. People's governments at all levels shall take measures, draw up overall plans, tighten control, protect and develop land resources, and prevent unlawful occupation and use of land.

第四条   国家实行土地用途管制制度。

Article 4 The State applies a system of control over the purposes of use of land.

国家编制土地利用总体规划，规定土地用途，将土地分为农用地、建设用地和未利用地。严格限制农用地转为建设用地，控制建设用地总量，对耕地实行特殊保护。

The State shall draw up general plans to set usages of land including those of farm or construction use or unused. It shall rigidly restrict conversion of land for agriculture to land for construction, keep the total area of the land for construction under control and give special protection to cultivated land.

前款所称农用地是指直接用于农业生产的土地，包括耕地、林地、草地、农田水利用地、养殖水面等；建设用地是指建造建筑物、构筑物的土地，包括城乡住宅和公共设施用地、工矿用地、交通水利设施用地、旅游用地、军事设施用地等；未利用地是指农用地和建设用地以外的土地。

Land for agriculture as referred to in the preceding paragraph means land that is directly used for agricultural production, including cultivated land, forest land, grassland, land for irrigation and water conservancy and water surfaces for aquaculture; land for construction means land for construction buildings and other structures, including land for housing in urban and rural areas, for public facilities, for industries and mining, for communications and water conservancy, for tourism and for military installations; and unused land means land other than land for agriculture and construction.

使用土地的单位和个人必须严格按照土地利用总体规划确定的用途使用土地。

Any unit or individual must use land in strict accordance with the purposes of land use determined by the overall plan for land utilization.

第五条   国务院土地行政主管部门统一负责全国土地的管理和监督工作。

Article 5 The land administration department under the State Council shall be in charge of unified administration of and supervision over the land throughout the country.

县级以上地方人民政府土地行政主管部门的设置及其职责，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府根据国务院有关规定确定。

The establishment and duties of the land administration departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall be decided by people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State Council.

第六条   任何单位和个人都有遵守土地管理法律、法规的义务，并有权对违反土地管理法律、法规的行为提出检举和控告。

Article 6 All units and individuals shall have the obligation to observe the laws and regulations governing land administration and shall have the right to report against or accuse any violations of such laws or regulations.

第七条   在保护和开发土地资源、合理利用土地以及进行有关的科学研究等方面成绩显著的单位和个人，由人民政府给予奖励。

Article 7 The people's governments shall reward the units or individuals that achieved outstanding successes in protecting and developing land resources, using land rationally and carrying out relevant scientific research.

第二章 土地的所有权和使用权

Chapter 2 Ownership of Land and Use Right to Land

第八条   城市市区的土地属于国家所有。

Article 8 Land in urban areas is owned by the State.

农村和城市郊区的土地，除由法律规定属于国家所有的以外，属于农民集体所有；宅基地和自留地、自留山，属于农民集体所有。

Land in the rural areas and suburban areas, except otherwise provided for by the State, shall be collectively owned by farmers including land for building houses, land and hills allowed to be retained by farmers.

第九条   国有土地和农民集体所有的土地，可以依法确定给单位或者个人使用。使用土地的单位和个人，有保护、管理和合理利用土地的义务。

Article 9 State-owned land and land owned by peasant collectives may be lawfully determined to be used by units or individuals. Units or individuals using land shall be responsible for the protection, management and a rational use of the land.

第十条   农民集体所有的土地依法属于村农民集体所有的，由村集体经济组织或者村民委员会经营、管理；已经分别属于村内两个以上农村集体经济组织的农民集体所有的，由村内各该农村集体经济组织或者村民小组经营、管理；已经属于乡（镇）农民集体所有的，由乡（镇）农村集体经济组织经营、管理。

Article 10 Land owned by peasant collectives that belongs lawfully to peasant collectives of a village shall be operated and managed by collective economic organizations of the village or by villagers' committees; land already owned by different peasant collectives that belong to two or more different collective economic organizations in the village shall be operated and managed by the rural collective economic organizations in the village or by villagers' teams; land already owned by peasant collectives of a township (town) shall be operated and managed by rural collective economic organizations of the township (town).

第十一条   农民集体所有的土地，由县级人民政府登记造册，核发证书，确认所有权。

Article 11 People's government at the county level shall register and put on record lands collectively owned by farmers and issue certificates to certify the ownership concerned.

农民集体所有的土地依法用于非农业建设的，由县级人民政府登记造册，核发证书，确认建设用地使用权。

People's governments at the county level shall catalogue land collectively owned by peasants which is used for non-agricultural construction in accordance with law, issuing certificates to confirm the right to use the land for construction.

单位和个人依法使用的国有土地，由县级以上人民政府登记造册，核发证书，确认使用权；其中，中央国家机关使用的国有土地的具体登记发证机关，由国务院确定。

State-owned land to be lawfully used by units or individuals shall be registered and recorded by people's governments at or above the county level, which shall, upon verification, issue certificates to confirm their right to the use of such land. The specific organs for registration and issue of certificates for State-owned land to be used by central State organs shall be determined by the State Council.

确认林地、草原的所有权或者使用权，确认水面、滩涂的养殖使用权，分别依照《中华人民共和国森林法》、《中华人民共和国草原法》和《中华人民共和国渔业法》的有关规定办理。

Ownership or the right to the use of forest land or grassland and the right to the use of water surfaces or tidal flats for aquaculture shall be confirmed respectively in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Forestry Law, the Grassland Law and the Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China.

第十二条   依法改变土地权属和用途的，应当办理土地变更登记手续。

Article 12 Any change to be lawfully made in land ownership, in the right to the use of land or in the purpose of use of land shall be registered.

第十三条   依法登记的土地的所有权和使用权受法律保护，任何单位和个人不得侵犯。

Article 13 The ownership and use right of land registered according to law shall be protected by law and no unit or individual is eligible to infringe upon it.

第十四条   农民集体所有的土地由本集体经济组织的成员承包经营，从事种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业生产。土地承包经营期限为三十年。发包方和承包方应当订立承包合同，约定双方的权利和义务。承包经营土地的农民有保护和按照承包合同约定的用途合理利用土地的义务。农民的土地承包经营权受法律保护。

Article 14 Land collectively owned by farmers shall be contracted out to run by members of the collective economic organizations for use in crop farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries. The duration of land contracting and management shall be 30 years. The contractees shall sign a contract with the correspondents' contractor to define each other's rights and obligations. Peasants who contract and operate land are obliged to protect and use the land rationally according to the purposes agreed upon in the contract. Farmers' right to operate contracted land is protected by law.

在土地承包经营期限内，对个别承包经营者之间承包的土地进行适当调整的，必须经村民会议三分之二以上成员或者三分之二以上村民代表的同意，并报乡（镇）人民政府和县级人民政府农业行政主管部门批准。

Within the duration of the contract for operation of land, any appropriate readjustment of the land between individual contractors shall be made with the agreement of at least two-thirds of the members of the villagers assembly or of the representatives of villagers and submitted to the township (town) people's government and the agriculture administration department of the people's government of the county for approval.

第十五条   国有土地可以由单位或者个人承包经营，从事种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业生产。农民集体所有的土地，可以由本集体经济组织以外的单位或者个人承包经营，从事种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业生产。发包方和承包方应当订立承包合同，约定双方的权利和义务。土地承包经营的期限由承包合同约定。承包经营土地的单位和个人，有保护和按照承包合同约定的用途合理利用土地的义务。

Article 15 State-owned land may be operated under a contract by units or individuals for crop cultivation, forestry, animal husbandry or fishery. Land collectively owned by farmers may be contracted out to units or individuals who are not belonging to the corresponding collectives for farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries operations. The contractees shall sign a contract with the correspondents' contractor to define each other's rights and obligations. The duration of land contract and management shall be stipulated in the contract. The units or individuals that contract to operate the land shall have the obligation to protect such land and make rational use of it in conformity with the purposes of use provided for in the contract.

农民集体所有的土地由本集体经济组织以外的单位或者个人承包经营的，必须经村民会议三分之二以上成员或者三分之二以上村民代表的同意，并报乡（镇）人民政府批准。

Land owned by peasant collectives shall be operated under a contract by units or individuals that do not belong to the economic organizations of the said collectives with the agreement of at least two-thirds of the members of the villagers assembly or of the representatives of villagers and submitted to the township (town) people's government for approval.

第十六条   土地所有权和使用权争议，由当事人协商解决；协商不成的，由人民政府处理。

Article 16 Disputes over ownership of land or the right to the use of land shall be solved through consultation between the parties. If such consultation fails, they shall be decided by the people's government.

单位之间的争议，由县级以上人民政府处理；个人之间、个人与单位之间的争议，由乡级人民政府或者县级以上人民政府处理。

Disputes between units shall be handled by the people's government above the county level; disputes between individuals or between individuals and units shall be handled by township level people's government or people's governments at the county level or above.

当事人对有关人民政府的处理决定不服的，可以自接到处理决定通知之日起三十日内，向人民法院起诉。

If a party refuses to accept the decision of the relevant people's government, it may file a suit in a People's Court within 30 days from the date of receiving notification of the decision.

在土地所有权和使用权争议解决前，任何一方不得改变土地利用现状。

No Party shall change the status quo of the land before the dispute over the ownership and use right of the land is settled.

第三章 土地利用总体规划

Chapter III Overall Planning for Land Utilization

第十七条   各级人民政府应当依据国民经济和社会发展规划、国土整治和资源环境保护的要求、土地供给能力以及各项建设对土地的需求，组织编制土地利用总体规划。

Article 17 People's governments at all levels shall draw up overall plans for land utilization on the basis of the requirements of the plans for national economic and social development, the need for improvement of national land and for protection of the natural resources and the environment, the capacity of and supply, and the demand for land by various construction projects.

土地利用总体规划的规划期限由国务院规定。

Planning deadlines for land use master plans shall be stipulated by the State Council.

第十八条   下级土地利用总体规划应当依据上一级土地利用总体规划编制。

Article 18 General plans for land use at a lower level shall be compiled according to the general plans for the utilization of land at the next higher level.

地方各级人民政府编制的土地利用总体规划中的建设用地总量不得超过上一级土地利用总体规划确定的控制指标，耕地保有量不得低于上一级土地利用总体规划确定的控制指标。

The total amount of land for construction in the overall plan for land utilization drawn up by local people's governments at different levels shall not exceed the control norm set in such a plan by the people's government at a higher level and the amount of cultivated land reserved shall not be lower than the control norm set in the overall plan for land utilization of the people's government at a higher level.

省、自治区、直辖市人民政府编制的土地利用总体规划，应当确保本行政区域内耕地总量不减少。

In drawing up their overall plans for land utilization, the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall see that the total amount of the cultivated land within their administrative areas is not reduced.

第十九条   土地利用总体规划按照下列原则编制：

Article 19 An overall land utilization plan shall be prepared according to the following principles:

（一）严格保护基本农田，控制非农业建设占用农用地；

1. Stringently protecting the basic farmland and controlling the use of agricultural land for nonagricultural purposes;

（二）提高土地利用率；

(II) increasing the utilization rate of land;

（三）统筹安排各类、各区域用地；

(III) Making overall arrangement for the use of various kinds of land in various areas;

（四）保护和改善生态环境，保障土地的可持续利用；

(IV) protecting and improving the ecological environment to ensure a sustainable use of land; and

（五）占用耕地与开发复垦耕地相平衡。

(V) Balancing cultivated land that is occupied and cultivated land that is reclaimed and developed.

第二十条   县级土地利用总体规划应当划分土地利用区，明确土地用途。

Article 20 General plans for land use at the county level shall define the areas and purposes of land use.

乡（镇）土地利用总体规划应当划分土地利用区，根据土地使用条件，确定每一块土地的用途，并予以公告。

General plans for the land use at the township (town) level shall define the areas for the utilization of land and define the purpose of each tract of land according to the actual conditions for the use of land and make an announcement.

第二十一条   土地利用总体规划实行分级审批。

Article 21 General plans for land use shall implement graded examination and approval.

省、自治区、直辖市的土地利用总体规划，报国务院批准。

The overall plans for land utilization drawn up by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be submitted to the State Council for approval.

省、自治区人民政府所在地的市、人口在一百万以上的城市以及国务院指定的城市的土地利用总体规划，经省、自治区人民政府审查同意后，报国务院批准。

The overall plans for land utilization drawn up by cities, where people's governments of provinces or autonomous regions are located and where the population is over one million, and cities earmarked by the State Council shall be examined for consent by people's governments of the provinces or autonomous regions, before they are submitted to the State Council for approval.

本条第二款、第三款规定以外的土地利用总体规划，逐级上报省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准；其中，乡（镇）土地利用总体规划可以由省级人民政府授权的设区的市、自治州人民政府批准。

General plans for land use other than those provided for in the second and third paragraphs of this article shall be submitted for approval level by level up to the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. General plans for land uses of townships (towns) may be approved by the people's governments of cities or autonomous prefectures authorized by the provincial level people's governments.

土地利用总体规划一经批准，必须严格执行。

Once an overall plan for land utilization is approved, it shall be implemented strictly.

第二十二条   城市建设用地规模应当符合国家规定的标准，充分利用现有建设用地，不占或者尽量少占农用地。

Article 22 The amount of land to be used for urban construction shall conform to the norm set by State regulations. Attention shall be paid to making full use of the existing land for construction and using little or no land for agriculture.

城市总体规划、村庄和集镇规划，应当与土地利用总体规划相衔接，城市总体规划、村庄和集镇规划中建设用地规模不得超过土地利用总体规划确定的城市和村庄、集镇建设用地规模。

The overall plans of cities and the plans of villages and towns shall be dovetailed with the overall plan for land utilization, and the amount of land to be used for construction fixed in the former shall not exceed the amount fixed in the latter for the cities, villages and towns.

在城市规划区内、村庄和集镇规划区内，城市和村庄、集镇建设用地应当符合城市规划、村庄和集镇规划。

In the areas covered by the plans of cities, villages and towns, the amount of land to be used for construction shall conform to the amount as is fixed in such plans.

第二十三条   江河、湖泊综合治理和开发利用规划，应当与土地利用总体规划相衔接。在江河、湖泊、水库的管理和保护范围以及蓄洪滞洪区内，土地利用应当符合江河、湖泊综合治理和开发利用规划，符合河道、湖泊行洪、蓄洪和输水的要求。

Article 23 Plans for all-round harnessing of rivers and lakes and for their development and utilization shall be dovetailed with the overall plan for land utilization. Within the areas of the rivers, lakes and reservoirs under control and protection and the areas for flood storage or detention, land shall be used in conformity with the plan for all-round harnessing of rivers and lakes and for their development and utilization and with the requirements of flood diversion and storage and water transmission from the rivers and lakes.

第二十四条   各级人民政府应当加强土地利用计划管理，实行建设用地总量控制。

Article 24 People's governments at all levels shall exercise close supervision over the plans for land utilization and keep control over the total amount of land used for construction.

土地利用年度计划，根据国民经济和社会发展计划、国家产业政策、土地利用总体规划以及建设用地和土地利用的实际状况编制。土地利用年度计划的编制审批程序与土地利用总体规划的编制审批程序相同，一经审批下达，必须严格执行。

The annual plan for land utilization shall be drawn up in accordance with the plan for national economic and social development, the industrial policies of the State, the overall plan for land utilization and the actual conditions of land used for construction and land utilized. The examination and approval procedures for the compilation of annual land use plans shall be the same as that for the overall land use plans. Once approved, they shall be implemented strictly.

第二十五条   省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当将土地利用年度计划的执行情况列为国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况的内容，向同级人民代表大会报告。

Article 25 People's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall include the implementation of the annual plans for land utilization in their report on the implementation of the plan for national economic and social development to be delivered to the people's congresses at the corresponding level.

第二十六条   经批准的土地利用总体规划的修改，须经原批准机关批准；未经批准，不得改变土地利用总体规划确定的土地用途。

Article 26 Revision of the general plans for land use shall be approved by the original organ of approval. Without approval, the usages of land defined in the general plans for the utilization of land shall not be changed.

经国务院批准的大型能源、交通、水利等基础设施建设用地，需要改变土地利用总体规划的，根据国务院的批准文件修改土地利用总体规划。

Whereas the purpose of land use defined in the general plans for the utilization of land needs to be changed due to the construction of large-scale energy, communications, water conservancy and other infrastructure projects approved by the State Council, it shall be changed according to the document of approval issued by the State Council.

经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准的能源、交通、水利等基础设施建设用地，需要改变土地利用总体规划的，属于省级人民政府土地利用总体规划批准权限内的，根据省级人民政府的批准文件修改土地利用总体规划。

If the purpose of land defined in the general plans for the utilization of land needs to be changed due to the construction of large-scale energy, communications, water conservancy and other infrastructure projects approved by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, it shall be changed according to the document of approval issued by the provincial level people's governments if it falls into their terms of reference.

第二十七条   国家建立土地调查制度。

Article 27 The State establishes a land survey system.

县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门会同同级有关部门进行土地调查。土地所有者或者使用者应当配合调查，并提供有关资料。

Land administration departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall, together with the departments concerned at the same level, conduct land survey. Land owners or users shall provide good cooperation and necessary data and materials required.

第二十八条   县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门会同同级有关部门根据土地调查成果、规划土地用途和国家制定的统一标准，评定土地等级。

Article 28 Land administration departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall, together with the departments concerned at the same level, grade land on the basis of the results of the surveys, their planned uses and the uniform standard formulated by the State.

第二十九条   国家建立土地统计制度。

Article 29 The State establishes the land statistical system.

县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门和同级统计部门共同制定统计调查方案，依法进行土地统计，定期发布土地统计资料。土地所有者或者使用者应当提供有关资料，不得虚报、瞒报、拒报、迟报。

Land administration departments and statistics departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall work together to draw up plans for statistics and survey, lawfully prepare land statistics, and publish materials of land statistics at regular intervals. Landowners and users shall provide relevant materials without fabrication, deception, refusal or delay.

土地行政主管部门和统计部门共同发布的土地面积统计资料是各级人民政府编制土地利用总体规划的依据。

The statistical data about land areas jointly issued by the competent land administrative departments and statistics departments serve as the basis for people's governments at all levels to prepare their overall land utilization plans.

第三十条   国家建立全国土地管理信息系统，对土地利用状况进行动态监测。

Article 30 The State shall establish a national land administration information system to monitor developments in land utilization.

第四章 耕地保护

Chapter 4 Protection of Cultivated Land

第三十一条   国家保护耕地，严格控制耕地转为非耕地。

Article 31 The State protects cultivated land and strictly controls conversion of cultivated land to non-cultivated land.

国家实行占用耕地补偿制度。非农业建设经批准占用耕地的，按照“占多少，垦多少”的原则，由占用耕地的单位负责开垦与所占用耕地的数量和质量相当的耕地；没有条件开垦或者开垦的耕地不符合要求的，应当按照省、自治区、直辖市的规定缴纳耕地开垦费，专款用于开垦新的耕地。

The State applies the system of compensation for the use of cultivated land. In the case of occupying cultivated land for non-agricultural construction, the units occupying the cultivated land shall be responsible for reclaiming the same amount of land in the same quality as occupied one according to the principle of reclaiming the same amount of land occupied. Whereas units, which occupy the cultivated land, are not available with conditions of reclamation of land or the land reclaimed is not up to requirements, the units concerned shall pay land reclamation fees prescribed by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities for reclaiming land for cultivation the land reclaimed.

省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当制定开垦耕地计划，监督占用耕地的单位按照计划开垦耕地或者按照计划组织开垦耕地，并进行验收。

People's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall formulate plans for land reclamation, see that the unit that uses cultivated land reclaims land according to plan or arrange reclamation according to plan, and conduct inspection before acceptance.) >

第三十二条   县级以上地方人民政府可以要求占用耕地的单位将所占用耕地耕作层的土壤用于新开垦耕地、劣质地或者其他耕地的土壤改良。

Article 32 Local people's governments at or above the county level may demand units which occupy cultivated land to use the topsoil of the land occupied for use in the newly reclaimed land, poor land or other cultivated land for improving soil.

第三十三条   省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当严格执行土地利用总体规划和土地利用年度计划，采取措施，确保本行政区域内耕地总量不减少；耕地总量减少的，由国务院责令在规定期限内组织开垦与所减少耕地的数量与质量相当的耕地，并由国务院土地行政主管部门会同农业行政主管部门验收。个别省、直辖市确因土地后备资源匮乏，新增建设用地后，新开垦耕地的数量不足以补偿所占用耕地的数量的，必须报经国务院批准减免本行政区域内开垦耕地的数量，进行易地开垦。

Article 33 People's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall strictly implement the overall plans and annual plans for land utilization and take measures to ensure that the total amount of cultivated land within their administrative areas remains unreduced. Where the total amount of cultivated land is reduced, the State Council shall order the government concerned to reclaim land of the same quality and amount as is reduced within a time limit, and the land administration department together with the agriculture administration department under the State Council shall inspect the land reclaimed before acceptance. Whereas individual provinces and municipalities find it difficult to reclaim enough land to make up for the land occupied due to scarce reserve resources, the total amount of land due to be reclaimed in their own regions may be reduced with the approval of the State Council but the rest of land for reclamation shall be made up for elsewhere.

第三十四条   国家实行基本农田保护制度。下列耕地应当根据土地利用总体规划划入基本农田保护区，严格管理：

Article 34 The State fosters the basic farmland protection system. The following cultivated land shall be demarcated as prime farmland protection areas and subject to stringent control according to the general plans for the utilization of land:

（一）经国务院有关主管部门或者县级以上地方人民政府批准确定的粮、棉、油生产基地内的耕地；

1. Cultivated land in production bases for grain, cotton and oil-bearing crops as approved by the relevant competent department under the State Council or local people's governments at or above the county level;

（二）有良好的水利与水土保持设施的耕地，正在实施改造计划以及可以改造的中、低产田；

2. Cultivated land with good irrigation, good water and soil conservation facilities, or medium-and low-yield land where a plan for transforming the land is in progress or where such a plan is feasible;

（三）蔬菜生产基地；

(III) vegetable production bases;

（四）农业科研、教学试验田；

(IV) Experimental plots for agriculture research or education; and

（五）国务院规定应当划入基本农田保护区的其他耕地。

(V) Other cultivated land that should be included in basic farmland protection zones as prescribed by the State Council.

各省、自治区、直辖市划定的基本农田应当占本行政区域内耕地的百分之八十以上。

The capital farmland designated as such by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall account for at least 80% of the total cultivated land in their administrative areas respectively.

基本农田保护区以乡（镇）为单位进行划区定界，由县级人民政府土地行政主管部门会同同级农业行政主管部门组织实施。

The area of protected capital farmland shall be demarcated with the township (town) as a unit and such demarcation shall be arranged by the land administration department together with the agriculture administration department of a people's government at the county level.

第三十五条   各级人民政府应当采取措施，维护排灌工程设施，改良土壤，提高地力，防止土地荒漠化、盐渍化、水土流失和污染土地。

Article 35 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to maintain and protect irrigation and drainage facilities, ameliorate the soil to raise fertility and prevent desertification, salinization, water loss and soil erosion and pollution.

第三十六条   非农业建设必须节约使用土地，可以利用荒地的，不得占用耕地；可以利用劣地的，不得占用好地。

Article 36 Land shall be used sparingly for non-agricultural construction purposes. Whereas wasteland can be used, no cultivated land shall be occupied; whereas poor land can be used, no good land shall be occupied.

禁止占用耕地建窑、建坟或者擅自在耕地上建房、挖砂、采石、采矿、取土等。

It is forbidden to build kilns, graves or houses on cultivated land or to dig sand, collect stones, do mining and carry soil away from cultivated land.

禁止占用基本农田发展林果业和挖塘养鱼。

Occupation of basic farmland for the development of horticulture and digging of ponds for fish farming shall be prohibited.

第三十七条   禁止任何单位和个人闲置、荒芜耕地。已经办理审批手续的非农业建设占用耕地，一年内不用而又可以耕种并收获的，应当由原耕种该幅耕地的集体或者个人恢复耕种，也可以由用地单位组织耕种；一年以上未动工建设的，应当按照省、自治区、直辖市的规定缴纳闲置费；连续二年未使用的，经原批准机关批准，由县级以上人民政府无偿收回用地单位的土地使用权；该幅土地原为农民集体所有的，应当交由原农村集体经济组织恢复耕种。

Article 37 No unit or individual is allowed to let the land idle or go wasted. Whereas a cultivated land which has been occupied for non-agricultural construction upon approval and can sure start construction within one year is found cultivable and yieldable, it shall be cultivated by the unit or individual that originally cultivates the land or cultivated by units occupying the land. Whereas construction work fails to start for over one year, land idling fees shall be paid according to the provisions by various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. Whereas construction work fails to start for two successive years, the people's governments at and above the county level shall revoke the use right of the land with the approval of the original organ of approval. Whereas the land used to be owned by farmer collectives, it shall be turned over to original rural collective economic organizations for recultivation.

在城市规划区范围内，以出让方式取得土地使用权进行房地产开发的闲置土地，依照《中华人民共和国城市房地产管理法》的有关规定办理。

Land in the area covered by urban planning, the land-use right of which is assigned for development of real estate, that is left unused shall be dealt with in accordance with the relevant provisions in the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the Urban Real Estate.

承包经营耕地的单位或者个人连续二年弃耕抛荒的，原发包单位应当终止承包合同，收回发包的耕地。

Where a unit or individual that contracts to operate cultivated land but lets the land lie waste for two years running, the original unit that gives out the contract shall terminate the contract and take back the land under contract.

第三十八条   国家鼓励单位和个人按照土地利用总体规划，在保护和改善生态环境、防止水土流失和土地荒漠化的前提下，开发未利用的土地；适宜开发为农用地的，应当优先开发成农用地。

Article 38 The State encourages units and individuals to develop unused land in accordance with the overall plans for land utilization, on condition that the ecological environment is protected and improved and soil erosion and desertification prevented. Priority shall be given to the development of such land for agricultural purposes where conditions permit.

国家依法保护开发者的合法权益。

The State protects the legitimate rights and interests of developers pursuant to the law.

第三十九条   开垦未利用的土地，必须经过科学论证和评估，在土地利用总体规划划定的可开垦的区域内，经依法批准后进行。禁止毁坏森林、草原开垦耕地，禁止围湖造田和侵占江河滩地。

Article 39 Unused lands shall be reclaimed on the basis of scientific confirmation and evaluation, within the reclaimable areas designated as such in an overall plan for land utilization and with lawful approval. It is forbidden to reclaim cultivated land by destroying forests or grasslands, to reclaim land from lakes and to encroach on tidal-flat areas of rivers.

根据土地利用总体规划，对破坏生态环境开垦、围垦的土地，有计划有步骤地退耕还林、还牧、还湖。

Where land is reclaimed from forests, grasslands or lakes at the expense of the ecological environment, it shall gradually be returned to forests, grasslands and lakes according to plan.

第四十条   开发未确定使用权的国有荒山、荒地、荒滩从事种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业生产的，经县级以上人民政府依法批准，可以确定给开发单位或者个人长期使用。

Article 40 For developing waste hills, land or beaches whose use rights have not been ascertained for crop cultivation, forestry, animal husbandry or fisheries, the use rights may be given to developers or individuals for long-term use with the approval of the people's government at or above the county level according to law.

第四十一条   国家鼓励土地整理。县、乡（镇）人民政府应当组织农村集体经济组织，按照土地利用总体规划，对田、水、路、林、村综合整治，提高耕地质量，增加有效耕地面积，改善农业生产条件和生态环境。

Article 41 The State encourages land consolidation. People's governments of counties and townships (towns) shall organize rural collective economic organizations to carry out comprehensive consolidation of fields, water surface, roads, woods and villages according to the general plans for the utilization of land to raise the quality of cultivated land, increase the area of effective cultivated land and improve conditions for agricultural production and ecological environment.

地方各级人民政府应当采取措施，改造中、低产田，整治闲散地和废弃地。

Local people's governments at all levels shall take measures to ameliorate medium-and low-yielding land and consolidate idle, scattered, or abandoned land.

第四十二条   因挖损、塌陷、压占等造成土地破坏，用地单位和个人应当按照国家有关规定负责复垦；没有条件复垦或者复垦不符合要求的，应当缴纳土地复垦费，专项用于土地复垦。复垦的土地应当优先用于农业。

Article 42 Whereas land is damaged due to digging, cave-in and occupation, the units or individuals occupying the land shall be responsible for reclamation according to the relevant provisions of the State; for lack of ability of reclamation or for failure to meet the required reclamation, land reclamation fees shall be paid, for use in land reclamation. The reclaimed land should first be used for agriculture.

第五章 建设用地

Chapter 5 Land for Construction

第四十三条   任何单位和个人进行建设，需要使用土地的，必须依法申请使用国有土地；但是，兴办乡镇企业和村民建设住宅经依法批准使用本集体经济组织农民集体所有的土地的，或者乡（镇）村公共设施和公益事业建设经依法批准使用农民集体所有的土地的除外。

Article 43 Any unit or individual that need land for construction purposes shall apply for the use of land owned by the State according to law, except land owned by farmer collectives used by collective economic organizations for building township enterprises or building houses for villagers or land owned by farmer collectives approved according to law for use in building public facilities or public welfare facilities of townships (towns).

前款所称依法申请使用的国有土地包括国家所有的土地和国家征收的原属于农民集体所有的土地。

The term apply for the use of land owned by the State according to law used in the preceding paragraph refers to land owned by the State and also land originally owned by farmer collectives but having been expropriated by the State.

第四十四条   建设占用土地，涉及农用地转为建设用地的，应当办理农用地转用审批手续。

Article 44 Whereas occupation of land for construction purposes involves the conversion of agricultural land into land for construction purposes, the examination and approval procedures in this regard shall be required.

省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准的道路、管线工程和大型基础设施建设项目、国务院批准的建设项目占用土地，涉及农用地转为建设用地的，由国务院批准。

For projects of roads, pipelines and large infrastructure approved by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, land for construction has to be approved by the State Council whereas conversion of agricultural land is involved.

在土地利用总体规划确定的城市和村庄、集镇建设用地规模范围内，为实施该规划而将农用地转为建设用地的，按土地利用年度计划分批次由原批准土地利用总体规划的机关批准。在已批准的农用地转用范围内，具体建设项目用地可以由市、县人民政府批准。

Whereas agricultural land is converted into construction purposes as part of the efforts to implement the general plans for the utilization of land within the amount of land used for construction purposes as defined in the general plans for cities, villages and market towns, it shall be approved batch by batch according to the annual plan for the use of land by the organs that approved the original general plans for the utilization of land. The specific projects within the scope of land approved for conversion shall be approved by the people's governments of cities or counties.

本条第二款、第三款规定以外的建设项目占用土地，涉及农用地转为建设用地的，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准。

Where land for agriculture is to be converted to land for construction projects other than those provided for in the second and third paragraphs of this Article, the conversion shall be subject to approval by people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

第四十五条   征收下列土地的，由国务院批准：

Article 45 The expropriation of the following types of land shall be approved by the State Council:

（一）基本农田；

1. basic farmland;

（二）基本农田以外的耕地超过三十五公顷的；

2. Cultivated land other than basic farmland of which the amount exceeds 35 hectares; and

（三）其他土地超过七十公顷的。

(III) Other land exceeding 70 hectares.

征收前款规定以外的土地的，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准，并报国务院备案。

Expropriation of land other than prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be approved by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and submitted to the State Council for the record.

征收农用地的，应当依照本法第四十四条的规定先行办理农用地转用审批。其中，经国务院批准农用地转用的，同时办理征地审批手续，不再另行办理征地审批；经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府在征地批准权限内批准农用地转用的，同时办理征地审批手续，不再另行办理征地审批，超过征地批准权限的，应当依照本条第一款的规定另行办理征地审批。

Expropriation of agricultural land shall first of all go through the examination and approval procedure for converting agricultural land into land for construction purposes according to the provisions of Article 44 of this law. Whereas conversion of land is approved by the State Council, the land expropriation examination and approval procedures shall be completed concurrently with the procedures for converting agricultural land to construction uses and no separate procedures are required. Whereas the conversion of land is approved by people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities within their terms of reference, land expropriation examination and approval procedures shall be completed at the same time and no separate procedures are required. Whereas the terms of reference has been exceeded, separate land expropriation examination and approval procedures shall be completed according to the provisions of the first paragraph of this article.

第四十六条   国家征收土地的，依照法定程序批准后，由县级以上地方人民政府予以公告并组织实施。

Article 46 For expropriation of land by the State the local people's governments at and above the county level shall make an announcement and organize the implementation after the approval according to the legal procedures.

被征收土地的所有权人、使用权人应当在公告规定期限内，持土地权属证书到当地人民政府土地行政主管部门办理征地补偿登记。

Owners and users of the land expropriated shall, within the time limit specified in the announcement, go through the compensation registration for expropriated land with the land administrative departments of the local people's governments on the strength of the land ownership certificates.

第四十七条   征收土地的，按照被征收土地的原用途给予补偿。

Article 47 In expropriating land, compensation shall be made according to the original purposes of the land expropriated.

征收耕地的补偿费用包括土地补偿费、安置补助费以及地上附着物和青苗的补偿费。征收耕地的土地补偿费，为该耕地被征收前三年平均年产值的六至十倍。征收耕地的安置补助费，按照需要安置的农业人口数计算。需要安置的农业人口数，按照被征收的耕地数量除以征地前被征收单位平均每人占有耕地的数量计算。每一个需要安置的农业人口的安置补助费标准，为该耕地被征收前三年平均年产值的四至六倍。但是，每公顷被征收耕地的安置补助费，最高不得超过被征收前三年平均年产值的十五倍。

Compensation for land expropriated shall include land compensation fee, resettlement subsidy and compensation for attachments and young crops on the land. The land compensation fees shall be 6-10 times the average output value of the three years preceding the expropriation of the cultivated land. The resettlement fees shall be calculated based on the number of agricultural population to be resettled. The agricultural population needing to be resettled shall be calculated by dividing the amount of cultivated land expropriated by the per capital land occupied of the unit whose land is expropriated. The resettlement fee per agricultural population needing resettlement is four to six times the average annual output value of the three years preceding the expropriation of the cultivated land. However, the maximum resettlement fee per hectare of land expropriated shall not exceed 15 times the average annual output value of the three years prior to the expropriation.

征收其他土地的土地补偿费和安置补助费标准，由省、自治区、直辖市参照征收耕地的土地补偿费和安置补助费的标准规定。

The standards for land compensation and resettlement fees for land expropriated shall be determined by various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in reference to the standards for land compensation and resettlement fees for cultivated land expropriated.

被征收土地上的附着物和青苗的补偿标准，由省、自治区、直辖市规定。

The standards for compensating for ground attachments and young crops on the land expropriated shall be determined by various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities.

征收城市郊区的菜地，用地单位应当按照国家有关规定缴纳新菜地开发建设基金。

In expropriating vegetable fields in suburban areas, the units using the land shall pay new vegetable field development and construction fund.

依照本条第二款的规定支付土地补偿费和安置补助费，尚不能使需要安置的农民保持原有生活水平的，经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准，可以增加安置补助费。但是，土地补偿费和安置补助费的总和不得超过土地被征收前三年平均年产值的三十倍。

Whereas the land compensation fees and resettlement fees paid according to the provisions of the second paragraph of this article are not enough to maintain the original level of living, the resettlement fees may be increased with the approval of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. But the combined total of land compensation fees and resettlement fees shall not exceed 30 times the average output value of the three years prior to the expropriation.

国务院根据社会、经济发展水平，在特殊情况下，可以提高征收耕地的土地补偿费和安置补助费的标准。

In special circumstances, the State Council may raise the standards for land compensation and resettlement fees for land expropriated according to the social and economic development level.

第四十八条   征地补偿安置方案确定后，有关地方人民政府应当公告，并听取被征地的农村集体经济组织和农民的意见。

Article 48 Once a plan for compensation and resettlement subsidies for requisitioned land is decided on, the local people's government concerned shall make it known to the general public and solicit comments and suggestions from the collective economic organizations, the land of which is requisitioned, and the peasants.

第四十九条   被征地的农村集体经济组织应当将征收土地的补偿费用的收支状况向本集体经济组织的成员公布，接受监督。

Article 49 Rural collective economic organizations shall make public to their members the receipts and expenditures of the land compensation fees for land expropriated and accept their supervision.

禁止侵占、挪用被征收土地单位的征地补偿费用和其他有关费用。

It is forbidden to embezzle or divert the land compensation fees and other relevant expenses.

第五十条   地方各级人民政府应当支持被征地的农村集体经济组织和农民从事开发经营，兴办企业。

Article 50 Local people's governments at all levels shall support rural collective economic organizations and farmers in their efforts toward development and operations or in starting up enterprises.

第五十一条   大中型水利、水电工程建设征收土地的补偿费标准和移民安置办法，由国务院另行规定。

Article 51 The standards for land compensation and method of resettlement for land expropriated for building large and medium -sized water conservancy projects and hydroelectric power projects shall be determined separately by the State Council.

第五十二条   建设项目可行性研究论证时，土地行政主管部门可以根据土地利用总体规划、土地利用年度计划和建设用地标准，对建设用地有关事项进行审查，并提出意见。

Article 52 During the feasibility study of a construction project, land administration department may, in accordance with the overall plan for land utilization, the annual plan for land utilization and the standard amount of land for the use of construction, examine the matters related to land for construction and offer its comments and suggestions.

第五十三条   经批准的建设项目需要使用国有建设用地的，建设单位应当持法律、行政法规规定的有关文件，向有批准权的县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门提出建设用地申请，经土地行政主管部门审查，报本级人民政府批准。

Article 53 Whereas a construction project approved needs land owned by the State for construction purposes, the construction unit shall file an application with land administrative department of the people's government at and above the county level with the power of approval on the strength of relevant documents required by law and administrative decrees. The land administrative department shall examine the application and submit it to the people's government at the same level for approval.

第五十四条   建设单位使用国有土地，应当以出让等有偿使用方式取得；但是，下列建设用地，经县级以上人民政府依法批准，可以以划拨方式取得：

Article 54 A construction unit that wishes to use State-owned land shall get it by such means of compensation as assignment. However, land to be used for the following purposes may be allocated with the approval of a people's government at or above the county level:

（一）国家机关用地和军事用地；

1. Land used for State organs or military purposes;

（二）城市基础设施用地和公益事业用地；

2. Land for urban infrastructure or public welfare;

（三）国家重点扶持的能源、交通、水利等基础设施用地；

(III) Land for energy, communications, water conservancy and other infrastructure which receives key support from the state; and

（四）法律、行政法规规定的其他用地。

(IV) Other land as provided for by laws or administrative regulations.

第五十五条   以出让等有偿使用方式取得国有土地使用权的建设单位，按照国务院规定的标准和办法，缴纳土地使用权出让金等土地有偿使用费和其他费用后，方可使用土地。

Article 55 Construction units that have obtained State-owned land by paid leasing can use the land only after paying the land use right leasing fees and other fees and expenses according to the standards and ways prescribed by the State Council.

自本法施行之日起，新增建设用地的土地有偿使用费，百分之三十上缴中央财政，百分之七十留给有关地方人民政府，都专项用于耕地开发。

As of the date of implementation of this Law, 30% of the compensation paid for the use of additional land for construction shall go to the Central Government and 70% to the local people's governments concerned, both for the development of cultivated land.

第五十六条   建设单位使用国有土地的，应当按照土地使用权出让等有偿使用合同的约定或者土地使用权划拨批准文件的规定使用土地；确需改变该幅土地建设用途的，应当经有关人民政府土地行政主管部门同意，报原批准用地的人民政府批准。其中，在城市规划区内改变土地用途的，在报批前，应当先经有关城市规划行政主管部门同意。

Article 56 In using State-owned land, construction units shall use the land according to the provisions of the contract for compensated use of leased land use right or according to the provisions of the documents of approval concerning the allocation of land use right. The change of the land to construction purposes shall get the consent from the land administrative departments of the relevant people's governments and be submitted to the people's governments that originally give the approval for the use of land. In changing the purpose of land within the urban planned areas, the consent shall be obtained form the relevant urban planning administrative departments before submission for approval.

第五十七条   建设项目施工和地质勘查需要临时使用国有土地或者农民集体所有的土地的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门批准。其中，在城市规划区内的临时用地，在报批前，应当先经有关城市规划行政主管部门同意。土地使用者应当根据土地权属，与有关土地行政主管部门或者农村集体经济组织、村民委员会签订临时使用土地合同，并按照合同的约定支付临时使用土地补偿费。

Article 57 Where land owned by the State or by peasant collectives needs to be used temporarily for construction of projects or for geologic prospecting, the matter shall be subject to approval by the land administration departments of people's governments at or above the county level. However, if the land to be temporarily used is located in the area covered by urban planning, the matter shall be subject to agreement by the urban planning administration department concerned before it is submitted for approval. The land user shall, depending on who owns the land and who has the land-use right, enter into a contract for the temporary use of the land with the land administration department concerned, or the rural collective economic organization, or the villagers committee and pay compensation for it in accordance with the provisions of the contract.

临时使用土地的使用者应当按照临时使用土地合同约定的用途使用土地，并不得修建永久性建筑物。

The temporary land user shall use the land for purposes stipulated in the contract for temporary use of the land and may not build permanent structures on it.

临时使用土地期限一般不超过二年。

Generally, the term for the temporary use of land shall not exceed two years.

第五十八条   有下列情形之一的，由有关人民政府土地行政主管部门报经原批准用地的人民政府或者有批准权的人民政府批准，可以收回国有土地使用权：

Article 58 In any of the following cases and with the approval of the people's governments that originally gave approval or the people's governments with approval authority, the competent land administrative department of the people's government concerned may reclaim the right to the use of state-owned land:

（一）为公共利益需要使用土地的；

1. The land is needed for the public interests;

（二）为实施城市规划进行旧城区改建，需要调整使用土地的；

(II) Land whose use requires adjustment as part of the renovation of old city districts in order to implement urban construction plans;

（三）土地出让等有偿使用合同约定的使用期限届满，土地使用者未申请续期或者申请续期未获批准的；

3. When the term for the land use right expires according to the stipulations of the contract for compensated use of land, the land user has failed to apply for extension or failed to get approval for extension;

（四）因单位撤销、迁移等原因，停止使用原划拨的国有土地的；

(IV) The use of land originally allocated has been stopped due to the cancellation or removal of units;

（五）公路、铁路、机场、矿场等经核准报废的。

(V) Roads, railways, airports and mining sites that have been approved to be abandoned.

依照前款第（一）项、第（二）项的规定收回国有土地使用权的，对土地使用权人应当给予适当补偿。

Proper compensation shall be given to land use right users whereas the use right of State-owned land is recovered according to the provisions of 1 and 2 of the preceding paragraph.

第五十九条   乡镇企业、乡（镇）村公共设施、公益事业、农村村民住宅等乡（镇）村建设，应当按照村庄和集镇规划，合理布局，综合开发，配套建设；建设用地，应当符合乡（镇）土地利用总体规划和土地利用年度计划，并依照本法第四十四条、第六十条、第六十一条、第六十二条的规定办理审批手续。

Article 59 Construction of township enterprises, public facilities and public welfare undertakings of townships (towns) and rural villagers' houses shall be rationally laid out according to the village or market town plans, developed comprehensively and developed with all necessary accessory facilities. Land used for construction shall be in conformity with the township (town) overall plan for land utilization and annual plan for land use, and the examination and approval procedures shall be completed according to the provisions of Article 44, Article 60, Article 61 and Article 62 of this Law.

第六十条   农村集体经济组织使用乡（镇）土地利用总体规划确定的建设用地兴办企业或者与其他单位、个人以土地使用权入股、联营等形式共同举办企业的，应当持有关批准文件，向县级以上地方人民政府土地行政主管部门提出申请，按照省、自治区、直辖市规定的批准权限，由县级以上地方人民政府批准；其中，涉及占用农用地的，依照本法第四十四条的规定办理审批手续。

Article 60 A rural collective economic organization that wishes to use land for construction, designated as such in the township (town) overall plan for land utilization to set up enterprises or do so with other units or individuals by way of investing its land-use right as shares or through joint operation shall, by presenting the relevant documents of approval, submit an application to the land administration department of the local people's government at or above the county level, for approval by the local people's government at or above the county level within the limits of approval authority as defined by the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. However, if land for agriculture is to be used for the purpose, the matter shall be subject to examination and approval in accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of this Law.

按照前款规定兴办企业的建设用地，必须严格控制。省、自治区、直辖市可以按照乡镇企业的不同行业和经营规模，分别规定用地标准。

Land for construction purposes in starting enterprises provided for in the preceding paragraph shall be put under strict control. Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities shall determine standards for land use according to different trades and scale of operation of township enterprises.

第六十一条   乡（镇）村公共设施、公益事业建设，需要使用土地的，经乡（镇）人民政府审核，向县级以上地方人民政府土地行政主管部门提出申请，按照省、自治区、直辖市规定的批准权限，由县级以上地方人民政府批准；其中，涉及占用农用地的，依照本法第四十四条的规定办理审批手续。

Article 61 Where land is to be used for the construction of township (town) or village public utilities or public welfare undertakings, the matter shall be subject to examination and verification by the township (town) people's government, which shall submit an application to the land administration department of the local people's government at or above the county level for approval by the said people's government within the limits of approval authority as defined by the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. However, if land for agriculture is to be used for the purpose, the matter shall be subject to examination and approval in accordance with the provisions of Article 44 of this Law.

第六十二条   农村村民一户只能拥有一处宅基地，其宅基地的面积不得超过省、自治区、直辖市规定的标准。

Article 62 For villagers, one household shall have only one house site, the area of which may not exceed the standard set by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

农村村民建住宅，应当符合乡（镇）土地利用总体规划，并尽量使用原有的宅基地和村内空闲地。

Villagers shall build residences in keeping with the township (town) overall plan for land utilization and shall be encouraged to use their original house sites or idle lots in the village.

农村村民住宅用地，经乡（镇）人民政府审核，由县级人民政府批准；其中，涉及占用农用地的，依照本法第四十四条的规定办理审批手续。

The use of land for building houses shall be examined by the township (town) people's governments and approved by the county people's governments. Whereas occupation of agricultural land is involved the examination and approval procedure provided for in Article 44 of this law is required.

农村村民出卖、出租住房后，再申请宅基地的，不予批准。

Approval for other house sites shall not be granted to villagers who have sold or leased their houses.

第六十三条   农民集体所有的土地的使用权不得出让、转让或者出租用于非农业建设；但是，符合土地利用总体规划并依法取得建设用地的企业，因破产、兼并等情形致使土地使用权依法发生转移的除外。

Article 63 The land use right of farmer collectives shall not be assigned, transferred or leased for non-agricultural construction, except in the case of legal transfer of the land that conforms to the general plan for the utilization of land and legally obtained by enterprises due to bankruptcy or acquisition.

第六十四条   在土地利用总体规划制定前已建的不符合土地利用总体规划确定的用途的建筑物、构筑物，不得重建、扩建。

Article 64 Buildings or structures put up before the general plan for the utilization of land and unconformable to the general plans are not allowed to be rebuilt or expanded.

第六十五条   有下列情形之一的，农村集体经济组织报经原批准用地的人民政府批准，可以收回土地使用权：

Article 65 In any of the following cases and with the approval of the people's government that granted original approval, the rural collective economic organizations may reclaim land use rights:

（一）为乡（镇）村公共设施和公益事业建设，需要使用土地的；

1. The land is needed for constructing township (town) or village public utilities or public welfare undertakings;

（二）不按照批准的用途使用土地的；

(II) Land not used according to the purposes approved;

（三）因撤销、迁移等原因而停止使用土地的。

(III) Land not no longer in use due to cancellation by the original entity or their removal from the land.

依照前款第（一）项规定收回农民集体所有的土地的，对土地使用权人应当给予适当补偿。

Proper compensation shall be given to land users in the case of recovering the land owned by farmer collectives provided for in item 1 of the preceding paragraph.

第六章 监督检查

Chapter 6 Supervision and Inspection

第六十六条   县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门对违反土地管理法律、法规的行为进行监督检查。

Article 66 Land administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall exercise supervision and examination over violations of the laws and regulations governing land administration.

土地管理监督检查人员应当熟悉土地管理法律、法规，忠于职守、秉公执法。

Supervising personnel in such a regard shall be well acknowledged with the land administrative law and decrees, loyal to their duties and justice in enforcement of the law.

第六十七条   县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门履行监督检查职责时，有权采取下列措施：

Article 67 In performing their duties of supervision and inspection, land administrative departments of the people's governments at and above the county level have the right to take the following measures:

（一）要求被检查的单位或者个人提供有关土地权利的文件和资料，进行查阅或者予以复制；

1. Demand documents and materials relevant to land use rights from units and individuals for examination, review, or duplication.

（二）要求被检查的单位或者个人就有关土地权利的问题作出说明；

(II) to demand the unit or individual under inspection to make explanations concerning questions relating to land right;

（三）进入被检查单位或者个人非法占用的土地现场进行勘测；

3. To enter into land illegally occupied by units or individuals under inspection to carry out on-the-spot surveys; and

（四）责令非法占用土地的单位或者个人停止违反土地管理法律、法规的行为。

(IV) to order the unit or individual that illegally occupies and uses land to stop violation the laws and regulations governing land administration.

第六十八条   土地管理监督检查人员履行职责，需要进入现场进行勘测、要求有关单位或者个人提供文件、资料和作出说明的，应当出示土地管理监督检查证件。

Article 68 In performing their duties, whereas there is the need to carry out on-the-spot survey or demand units or individuals concerned to present documents and materials or explanations, supervising personnel shall present certificates of land supervision and examination.

第六十九条   有关单位和个人对县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门就土地违法行为进行的监督检查应当支持与配合，并提供工作方便，不得拒绝与阻碍土地管理监督检查人员依法执行职务。

Article 69 Units or individuals concerned shall provide active support and cooperation to land administrative departments of the people's governments at and above the county level in their supervision and examination of violations to land administration and provide all the conveniences to facilitate but not in any way refuse or obstruct their work in such a regard.

第七十条   县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门在监督检查工作中发现国家工作人员的违法行为，依法应当给予行政处分的，应当依法予以处理；自己无权处理的，应当向同级或者上级人民政府的行政监察机关提出行政处分建议书，有关行政监察机关应当依法予以处理。

Article 70 Whereas land administrative departments of the people's governments at and above the county level have found government functionaries to have committed violations during their supervision and examination, they shall give them administrative punishments whereas the punishments are due. Whereas they do not have the right to handle the cases, they shall put forward proposals for administrative punishments to the administrative supervision organs at the same level or at a higher level. The relevant administrative supervision organs shall mete out punishments according to law.

第七十一条   县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门在监督检查工作中发现土地违法行为构成犯罪的，应当将案件移送有关机关，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，应当依法给予行政处罚。

Article 71 Whereas the land administrative developments of the people's governments at and above the county level have found violations to have constitute a crime in their supervision and examination, they shall hand over the case to relevant government organs to affix criminal responsibilities. Whereas the case cannot constitute a crime, administrative punishments shall be meted out.

第七十二条   依照本法规定应当给予行政处罚，而有关土地行政主管部门不给予行政处罚的，上级人民政府土地行政主管部门有权责令有关土地行政主管部门作出行政处罚决定或者直接给予行政处罚，并给予有关土地行政主管部门的负责人行政处分。

Article 72 Whereas relevant land administrative departments have failed to give administrative punishments due, the land administrative departments of the people's governments at a higher level have the right to command the land administrative departments to take punishment decisions or give administrative punishments directly and give administrative punishments to the person responsible of the relevant land administrative departments.

第七章 法律责任

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

第七十三条   买卖或者以其他形式非法转让土地的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门没收违法所得；对违反土地利用总体规划擅自将农用地改为建设用地的，限期拆除在非法转让的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施，恢复土地原状，对符合土地利用总体规划的，没收在非法转让的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施；可以并处罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 73 Whoever illegally transfers land by buying and selling or in other forms shall be confiscated of the illegal gains by the competent department of land administration of the people's government at or above the county level; whoever turns agricultural land into land for construction without authorization in violation of the overall planning for land utilization shall be given a specified time period to dismantle the newly-built constructions and other facilities on the illegally transferred land and restore the original state of the land, where it conforms to the overall planning for land utilization, the newly-built constructions and other facilities on the illegally transferred land shall be confiscated; and may concurrently be imposed a fine; administrative sanctions shall be imposed on directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons according to law; where a crime has been constituted, criminal liability shall be investigated according to law.

第七十四条   违反本法规定，占用耕地建窑、建坟或者擅自在耕地上建房、挖砂、采石、采矿、取土等，破坏种植条件的，或者因开发土地造成土地荒漠化、盐渍化的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令限期改正或者治理，可以并处罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 74 Occupying cultivated land to build kilns or graves or build houses, dig sand, collect stones, do mining or collect soil from the cultivated land without authorization, thus damaging the conditions for growing crops or causing desertification and salinization due to land development in violation of this law, the land administrative departments of the people's governments at and above the county level shall order correction or improvetment within a prescribed time limit and concurrently impose a fine. Whereas the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be affixed.

第七十五条   违反本法规定，拒不履行土地复垦义务的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令限期改正；逾期不改正的，责令缴纳复垦费，专项用于土地复垦，可以处以罚款。

Article 75 Refusing to perform land reclamation obligations in violation of this law, the land administrative departments of the people's governments at and above the county level shall order correction within a prescribed time limit. Whereas no correction is made within the time limit, a payment of land reclamation fees specially used for land reclamation by the violator shall be ordered and a fine may be imposed concurrently.

第七十六条   未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准，非法占用土地的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令退还非法占用的土地，对违反土地利用总体规划擅自将农用地改为建设用地的，限期拆除在非法占用的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施，恢复土地原状，对符合土地利用总体规划的，没收在非法占用的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施，可以并处罚款；对非法占用土地单位的直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 76 Units or individuals that illegally occupy and use land without approval or with approval obtained by fraudulent means shall be ordered by the land administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level to return such land; the ones that, in violation of the overall plan for land utilization, convert the land for agriculture to land for construction shall be ordered to demolish the structures and other installations built on the illegally occupied land within a time limit and put the land back to its original state; with regard to the ones that convert land for agriculture to land for construction, which happens to conform to the overall plan for land utilization, the structures and installations built on such land shall be confiscated, and they may also be fined; and the persons directly in charge of the said units and other persons directly responsible for the violations shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law; if the violations constitute crimes, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with law.

超过批准的数量占用土地，多占的土地以非法占用土地论处。

For an occupation of land in excess of the approved amount, part in excess shall be regarded as land illegally occupied.

第七十七条   农村村民未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准，非法占用土地建住宅的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令退还非法占用的土地，限期拆除在非法占用的土地上新建的房屋。

Article 77 Villagers who illegally occupy and use land to build residences thereon without approval or with approval obtained by fraudulent means shall be ordered by the land administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level to return such land and demolish, within a time limit, the houses built on the land.

超过省、自治区、直辖市规定的标准，多占的土地以非法占用土地论处。

For occupation of land in excess of the standards prescribed by the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, the land in excess of the standards shall be regarded as having been illegally occupied.

第七十八条   无权批准征收、使用土地的单位或者个人非法批准占用土地的，超越批准权限非法批准占用土地的，不按照土地利用总体规划确定的用途批准用地的，或者违反法律规定的程序批准占用、征收土地的，其批准文件无效，对非法批准征收、使用土地的直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。非法批准、使用的土地应当收回，有关当事人拒不归还的，以非法占用土地论处。

Article 78 Approving the occupation of land without the power of approval, beyond the term of reference, or not according to the purposes defined in the general plans for the utilization of land or approving the occupation or expropriation of land in violation of the legal procedures, the documents of approval shall be invalid and the persons in charge and personnel directly responsible for illegal expropriation or use of land shall be given administrative punishments. Whereas the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibilities shall be affixed. The land illegally approved for use shall be taken back. If the parties concerned refuse to return the land, they shall be regarded as illegal land users.

非法批准征收、使用土地，对当事人造成损失的，依法应当承担赔偿责任。

Whereas illegal expropriation and use of land have caused damages to parties concerned, the party responsible shall bear the responsibilities of compensation according to law.

第七十九条   侵占、挪用被征收土地单位的征地补偿费用和其他有关费用，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分。

Article 79 Whoever embezzles or misappropriates the compensation or other relevant charges paid to a unit whose land is requisitioned, if the violation constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law; if the violation is not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.

第八十条   依法收回国有土地使用权当事人拒不交出土地的，临时使用土地期满拒不归还的，或者不按照批准的用途使用国有土地的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令交还土地，处以罚款。

Article 80 If the parties that have the right to the use of State-owned land refuse to surrender the land when it is to be taken back in accordance with law, or refuse to return the land at the expiration of the period for its temporary use, or fail to use the land in keeping with the purposes approved, the land administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall order them to return the land and impose a fine on them.

第八十一条   擅自将农民集体所有的土地的使用权出让、转让或者出租用于非农业建设的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令限期改正，没收违法所得，并处罚款。

Article 81 Leasing, transferring or renting the use right of land owned by farmer collectives for non-agricultural construction uses, the land administrative departments of the people's governments at and above the county level shall order correction within a prescribed time limit, confiscate the proceeds concerned and impose a fine.

第八十二条   不依照本法规定办理土地变更登记的，由县级以上人民政府土地行政主管部门责令其限期办理。

Article 82 Units or individuals that, in violation of the provisions of this Law, fail to register changes in land ownership, land administration departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall order them to do so within a time limit.

第八十三条   依照本法规定，责令限期拆除在非法占用的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施的，建设单位或者个人必须立即停止施工，自行拆除；对继续施工的，作出处罚决定的机关有权制止。建设单位或者个人对责令限期拆除的行政处罚决定不服的，可以在接到责令限期拆除决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉；期满不起诉又不自行拆除的，由作出处罚决定的机关依法申请人民法院强制执行，费用由违法者承担。

Article 83 Whereas orders have been issued to dismantle the new buildings and other facilities on the land illegally occupied within a prescribed time limit according to the provisions of this law, the construction unit or individual shall stop operation immediately and dismantle them by themselves. Whereas the operation continues, the organ which decided for the punishment decisions has the right to stop it. Where construction units or individuals refuse to accept the administrative penalty decision of demolishing the structures or other installations within a time limit, they may file a suit in a People's Court within 15 days from the date of receiving the decision. If they neither file a suit nor do the demolishing at the expiration of the time limit, the organ that makes the penalty decision shall, in accordance with law, apply to the People's Court for compulsory enforcement, and the expenses entailed shall be borne by the violators.

第八十四条   土地行政主管部门的工作人员玩忽职守、滥用职权、徇私舞弊，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予行政处分。

Article 84. Where the personnel of the responsible land administration department neglect their duties, abuse their powers or practise favouritism for personal gain, and the conduct constitutes a criminal offence, an investigation into criminal liability shall be made in accordance with law; where the conduct does not constitute a criminal offence, an administrative penalty shall be imposed in accordance with law.

第八章 附则

Chapter 8 Supplementary Provisions

第八十五条   中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外资企业使用土地的，适用本法；法律另有规定的，从其规定。

Article 85 This Law shall be applicable to land used by Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures, Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures and foreign-capital enterprises. Where laws provide otherwise, the provisions in such laws shall prevail.

第八十六条   本法自1999年1月1日起施行。

Article 86 This Law shall go into effect as of January 1, 1999.